Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Are you experiencing recurring abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, or constipation? If so, you may have Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), a prevalent medical condition affecting the large intestine. In the United States alone, it is estimated that up to 20% of the population suffers from IBS. Seeking a proper evaluation and diagnosis from a gastroenterologist or other health care provider is crucial if you suspect you have IBS or are experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms.

Your doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include a medical history review, physical examination, blood and stool tests, as well as a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. These steps may be necessary to accurately identify the presence of IBS and rule out other possible conditions.

Once diagnosed with IBS, treatment typically involves dietary changes and possible medication. Seeking guidance from a registered dietitian nutritionist is recommended, as they can develop a personalized treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

One aspect of the treatment plan for IBS may include limiting the consumption of certain carbohydrates that can trigger symptoms. Known as FODMAPs (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols), these small-chain carbohydrates are often responsible for gastrointestinal discomfort in people with IBS. Reducing or eliminating FODMAPs by following a low FODMAP diet can lead to significant improvements in gas, bloating, pain, and bowel habits for up to 75% of individuals with IBS.

Types of FODMAPs and Their Symptoms:

• Lactose: Lactose is a carbohydrate commonly found in dairy products made with cow's milk. Individuals with IBS and lactose sensitivity may experience symptoms such as gas and diarrhea.

• Fructose: Fructose is a carbohydrate present in foods like apples, asparagus, and honey. People sensitive to fructose may encounter diarrhea as a result of consuming fructose.

• Fructans: Fructans are carbohydrates found in foods such as garlic, onions, wheat, and barley. Those with fructan sensitivity may experience bloating, gas, and constipation after consuming these foods.

• Galacto-oligosaccharides: Galacto-oligosaccharides are carbohydrates present in foods like beans, cashews, and soy milk. Individuals sensitive to galacto-oligosaccharides may experience bloating, gas, and constipation.

• Polyols: Polyols are carbohydrates found in foods such as sugar-free gum, cauliflower, mushrooms, and avocado. People sensitive to polyols may develop symptoms like diarrhea and gas.

If you have been diagnosed with IBS, it is highly recommended to seek the guidance of a registered dietitian nutritionist. They can help you navigate the necessary dietary changes to alleviate your symptoms and promote overall health. Every individual's tolerance to high FODMAP foods varies, so working with a professional is essential to finding the most effective dietary approach for you. With the right treatment and dietary modifications, it is possible to manage and improve your symptoms associated with IBS.